Present Indifinite Tense II.(contd.)
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To form this tense with other verbs:
(i) add ता, ते and ती to the root of the verb to get the present participle. (See Present Indefinite tense I)
(ii) with the present participle so formed, use the first form of होना (honaa), namely है, हो, etc. as the helping verb.

For example:

जाना (jaanaa) - to go
Infinitive Root Pres. Part. Help verb Tense
जाना
(jaanaa)
छा
(jaa)
जाता, जाते,जाती
(jaataa, jaate, Jaatee)
हूँ, है, etc.
(huun, hai, etc.)
जाता हूँ, जाता हूँ, etc.
jaataa huun, jaataa hai, etc.
Full conjugation of
जाना (jaanaa)
P. Singular - (एकवचन) Plural - (बहुवचन)
1st मैं जाता हूँ (m.) Mai jaataa huun - I go.
मैं जाती हूँ (f.) Mai jaatee huun - I go.
हम जाते हैं (m.) Ham jaate hain - We go.
हम जाती हैं (f.) Ham jaatee hain - We go.
2nd तू जाता है (m.) Too jaataa hai - Thou goest
हू जाती है (f.) Too jaatee hai - Thou goest
तुम जाते हो (m.) Tum jaate ho - You go.
आप जाते (m.) Aap jaate hain - You go.
तुम जाती हो (f.) Tum jaatee ho - You go.
आप जाती हैं (f.) Aap jaatee hain - You go.
3rd वह जाता है (m.) Wah jaataa hai - He goes.
वह जाती है (f.) Wah jaatee hai - She goes.
वे जाते हैं (m.) Way jaate hain - They go.
वे जाती हैं (f.) Way jaatee hain - They go.
Important:

(a) In Hindi, the very changes according to the number as well as the gender.
(b) When the subject is a noun, use third person verbs as singular and plural.
(c) Always use the third person plural verb with आप (aap) e.g.
Where do you sit? आप कहाँ बैठते (Aap kahaan baithtay hain)?
Never say आप कहाँ बैठते हो (Aap kahaa baithte ho)

Excercise - 3 (अभ्यास - ३) (contd.)
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(1) Write the present Indefinite Tense of the verbs in the brackets:
१. लड़का __________ (खलेना) २. लड़कि ___________ (नाचना)
३. मैं ___________ (गाना) ४. तुम _________ (सँसना)
५. वे आदमी __________ (दौड़ना) ६. आप _________ (लिखना)
७. साथी _________ (चिंघाड़ना) ८. नौकर ________ (सोना)
९. शेर ________ (दसाड़ना) १०. साँड ________ (सँकारना)
११. सूअर ________ (किकियाना) १२. ऊँट ________ (बललबलाना)
१३. गाय ________ (रँभाना) १४. भें ________ (मिमियाना)
१५. चिड़िया ________ (चहकना) १६. गीदड़ _________ (हुआना)
१७. घोड़ा _________ (हिनहिनाना) १८. साँप ________ (फुभकाना)
१९. मुर्गा _________ (बाँग देना) १०. कोयल _______ (कृकना)
(2) Translate into English: (अंग्रजी में अनुवाद कीजिए ।)

१. मैं सुबह उठता हूँ । २. तुम कब सोते सो ? ३. वह तेज नही दौड़ता । ४. लड़के शाम को खेलते हो ।
५. सूरज पूब में उगता है । ६. कुत्ते रात को भूँकते हैं । ७. विय्धार्ति कमरे में पढ़ते हैं ।
८. मेरा भाई रोज पाडशाला जाता है । ९. आप कहाँ रहते हैं ? १०. आप मैं शाम को कभी नहीं पढ़ता ।

Translate into Hindi: (हिन्दी में अनुवाद कीजिए)

1. I go home daily. 2. This boy runs fast. 3. The teacher sits in the chair.
4. We write on paper. 5. Where do you sleep at night? 6. She does not sing well. 7. Who rings the bell?
8. They learn Hindi in the school. 9. Why do you close the door?
10. Do you (hon.) know his name? 11. This student reads very slowly. 12. My sister buys a newspaper every day.

How to translate: the order of words:
(a) Adverbs of place or nouns denoting place come after the adverb of time.
(b) The questioning word is usually placed just before the verb; but, if the sentence is negative, it is placed before नहीं which must remain nearest to the verb.
(c) Whe a verb is split to form a questioning or a negative sentence in English then the helping very is not translated into Hindi, e.g.,
Do you go home daily? क्या तुम रोज घर जाते हो ? or He does not go home daily. वह रोज घर नहीं जाता । In the above sentences "do" and "does" have not been separately translated.
(d) If a sentence in the present indefinite tense is negative, the helping verb is usually not used in Hindi. e.g., यह रोज घर नहीं जाता । Here "है" is not used.
(e) In English, the prepositions come before the nouns or pronouns, but in Hindi the words for prepositions come after the nouns or pronouns, e.g., in the house घर में
(f) Whe a questioning sentence is formed in English by putting a verb or a part of a verb in the beginning of the sentence then र्या shoud be kept in the beginning of the Hindi sentence, e.g.
(1) Is this your book? क्या सह तुम्हारी किताब है ?
(2) Do you know him? कया तुम उसको जानते हो ?

Example (उदाहरण:
Why don't you bathe in the river daily?
...a......... ....c.....b.........d
तुम रोज नदी में क्यों नहीं नहाते ?
Hindi Gender Eng.trans Meaning Hindi Gender Eng.trans Meaning
खेलना khelanaa to play नाचना naachanaa to dance
गाना gaanaa to sing हँसना hasanaa to laugh
दौड़ना douranaa to run लिखना likhanaa to write
चिंघाड़ना chigharanaa to trumpet सोना sonaa to sleep
शर m. shera lion सौंड़ m. soura bull
 m. aakaash pig गाय f. gaaya cow
भेंड़ f. bhera sheep कुत्ते m. kute dogs
रात f. raat night भूँकना bhookana to bark
कमरा m. kamraa a room चिड़िया f. chiriyaa a bird
गीदड़ m. geedara a jackal घोड़ा m. ghoraa a horse
साँप m. Saapa snake मुर्गा m. murgaa a cock
कोयल f. koyal indian cuckoo दहाड़ना dahaaranaa to roar
हँकारना hakaaranaa to bellow किकियाना kikiaanaa to shriek, to screech
बलबलाना balbalaanaa to gurgle (of a camel) रँबाना rabhaanaa
anupasthita
to low
मिमियाना mimiyaanaa to bleat चहकना chahakanaa to chirp
हुआना huaanaa to howl हिनहिनाना hinahinaanaa
swaamibhakt
to neigh
फुफकारना phuphakaaranaa to hiss बाँग देना baag denaa to crow
क屶कना kookanaa to coo सुबह f. subhaha morning
कड़कियाँ f. larkiyaan girls उठना uthanaa to rise, to get up
कब kab when तेज teja fast
नहीं nahee not शìम f. shaam evening
सूरज m. sooraj sun पूरब m. poorab the east
उगना uganaa to rise पढ़ना padhanaa to read
भाई m. bhaee brother पाठशाला f. paathashaalaa school
कहाँ kahaa where रहना rahanaa to live
कबी नहीं kabhee nahee never अच्छा achchaa well
कौन kown who बज़ाना bazaanaa to ring
घंटा m. ghantaa bell सीखना seekhanaa to see
बन्द करना ban karnaa to close दरवाजा m. darawaajaa door
जानना jaananaa to know उसका usakaa his
घर m. ghar house रोज़ roza daily
बैठना baithanaa to sit अध्यापक, शिक्ष m. adhyaapak/shikashka teacher
में may in कुरसी f. kursee chair
पर par on कागज m. kaagaj paper
लिखना likhanaa to write रात f. raat night
नाम m. naam name पढ़ना padhanaa to read
बहुत bahut very घीरे dheere slowly
बहिन f. bahin sister खरीदना मोल लेना khareedanaa/mol lenaa to buy
अखबार समाचार-पत्र m. akhabaar/samaachaar-patra newspaper हर प्रति har/prati every
दिन m. diin day हाथी m. haathee Elephant

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