Infinitive |
Root |
Pres. Part. |
Help verb |
Tense |
जाना (jaanaa) |
छा (jaa) |
जाता, जाते,जाती (jaataa, jaate, Jaatee) |
हूँ, है, etc. (huun, hai, etc.) |
जाता हूँ, जाता हूँ, etc. jaataa huun, jaataa hai, etc. |
Full conjugation of ज जाना (jaanaa)
P. |
Singular - (एकवचन) |
Plural - (बहुवचन) |
1st |
मैं जाता हूँ (m.) Mai jaataa huun - I go. मैं जाती हूँ (f.) Mai jaatee huun - I go. |
हम जाते हैं (m.) Ham jaate hain - We go. हम जाती हैं (f.) Ham jaatee hain - We go. |
2nd |
तू जाता है (m.) Too jaataa hai - Thou goest हू जाती है (f.) Too jaatee hai - Thou goest |
तुम जाते हो (m.) Tum jaate ho - You go. आप जाते (m.) Aap jaate hain - You go. तुम जाती हो (f.) Tum jaatee ho - You go. आप जाती हैं (f.) Aap jaatee hain - You go. |
3rd |
वह जाता है (m.) Wah jaataa hai - He goes. वह जाती है (f.) Wah jaatee hai - She goes. |
वे जाते हैं (m.) Way jaate hain - They go. वे जाती हैं (f.) Way jaatee hain - They go. |
Important:(a) In Hindi, the very changes according to the number as well as the gender. (b) When the subject is a noun, use third person verbs as singular and plural. (c) Always use the third person plural verb with आप (aap) e.g. Where do you sit? आप कहाँ बैठते (Aap kahaan baithtay hain)? Never say आप कहाँ बैठते हो (Aap kahaa baithte ho)
Excercise - 3 (अभ्यास - ३) (contd.) Back to Contents
(1) Write the present Indefinite Tense of the verbs in the brackets:
१. लड़का __________ (खलेना) |
२. लड़कि ___________ (नाचना) |
३. मैं ___________ (गाना) |
४. तुम _________ (सँसना) |
५. वे आदमी __________ (दौड़ना) |
६. आप _________ (लिखना) |
७. साथी _________ (चिंघाड़ना) |
८. नौकर ________ (सोना) |
९. शेर ________ (दसाड़ना) |
१०. साँड ________ (सँकारना) |
११. सूअर ________ (किकियाना) |
१२. ऊँट ________ (बललबलाना) |
१३. गाय ________ (रँभाना) |
१४. भें ________ (मिमियाना) |
१५. चिड़िया ________ (चहकना) |
१६. गीदड़ _________ (हुआना) |
१७. घोड़ा _________ (हिनहिनाना) |
१८. साँप ________ (फुभकाना) |
१९. मुर्गा _________ (बाँग देना) |
१०. कोयल _______ (कृकना) |
(2) Translate into English: (अंग्रजी में अनुवाद कीजिए ।)१. मैं सुबह उठता हूँ ।
२. तुम कब सोते सो ? ३. वह तेज नही दौड़ता । ४. लड़के शाम को खेलते हो । ५. सूरज पूब में उगता है । ६. कुत्ते रात को भूँकते हैं । ७. विय्धार्ति कमरे में पढ़ते हैं ।
८. मेरा भाई रोज पाडशाला जाता है ।
९. आप कहाँ रहते हैं ? १०. आप मैं शाम को कभी नहीं पढ़ता ।
Translate into Hindi: (हिन्दी में अनुवाद कीजिए)
1. I go home daily. 2. This boy runs fast. 3. The teacher sits in the chair.
4. We write on paper. 5. Where do you sleep at night? 6. She does not sing well. 7. Who rings the bell? 8. They learn Hindi in the school. 9. Why do you close the door? 10. Do you (hon.) know his name? 11. This student reads very slowly. 12. My sister buys a newspaper every day.How to translate: the order of words:
(a) Adverbs of place or nouns denoting place come after the adverb of time.
(b) The questioning word is usually placed just before the verb; but, if the sentence is negative, it is placed before नहीं which must remain nearest to the verb.
(c) Whe a verb is split to form a questioning or a negative sentence in English then the helping very is not translated into Hindi, e.g., Do you go home daily? क्या तुम रोज घर जाते हो ? or He does not go home daily. वह रोज घर नहीं जाता । In the above sentences "do" and "does" have not been separately translated.
(d) If a sentence in the present indefinite tense is negative, the helping verb is usually not used in Hindi. e.g., यह रोज घर नहीं जाता । Here "है" is not used.
(e) In English, the prepositions come before the nouns or pronouns, but in Hindi the words for prepositions come after the nouns or pronouns, e.g., in the house घर में
(f) Whe a questioning sentence is formed in English by putting a verb or a part of a verb in the beginning of the sentence then र्या shoud be kept in the beginning of the Hindi sentence, e.g.
(1) Is this your book? क्या सह तुम्हारी किताब है ?
(2) Do you know him? कया तुम उसको जानते हो ?
Example (उदाहरण:
Why don't you bathe in the river daily?
...a......... ....c.....b.........d
तुम रोज नदी में क्यों नहीं नहाते ?
Hindi |
Gender |
Eng.trans |
Meaning |
Hindi |
Gender |
Eng.trans |
Meaning |
खेलना |
|
khelanaa |
to play |
नाचना |
|
naachanaa |
to dance |
गाना |
|
gaanaa |
to sing |
हँसना |
|
hasanaa |
to laugh |
दौड़ना |
|
douranaa |
to run |
लिखना |
|
likhanaa |
to write |
चिंघाड़ना |
|
chigharanaa |
to trumpet |
सोना |
|
sonaa |
to sleep |
शर |
m. |
shera |
lion |
सौंड़ |
m. |
soura |
bull |
|
m. |
aakaash |
pig |
गाय |
f. |
gaaya |
cow |
भेंड़ |
f. |
bhera |
sheep |
कुत्ते |
m. |
kute |
dogs |
रात |
f. |
raat |
night |
भूँकना |
|
bhookana |
to bark |
कमरा |
m. |
kamraa |
a room |
चिड़िया |
f. |
chiriyaa |
a bird |
गीदड़ |
m. |
geedara |
a jackal |
घोड़ा |
m. |
ghoraa |
a horse |
साँप |
m. |
Saapa |
snake |
मुर्गा |
m. |
murgaa |
a cock |
कोयल |
f. |
koyal |
indian cuckoo |
दहाड़ना |
|
dahaaranaa |
to roar |
हँकारना |
|
hakaaranaa |
to bellow |
किकियाना |
|
kikiaanaa |
to shriek, to screech |
बलबलाना |
|
balbalaanaa |
to gurgle (of a camel) |
रँबाना |
|
rabhaanaa anupasthita |
to low |
मिमियाना |
|
mimiyaanaa |
to bleat |
चहकना |
|
chahakanaa |
to chirp |
हुआना |
|
huaanaa |
to howl |
हिनहिनाना |
|
hinahinaanaa swaamibhakt |
to neigh |
फुफकारना |
|
phuphakaaranaa |
to hiss |
बाँग देना |
|
baag denaa |
to crow |
क屶कना |
|
kookanaa |
to coo |
सुबह |
f. |
subhaha |
morning |
कड़कियाँ |
f. |
larkiyaan |
girls |
उठना |
|
uthanaa |
to rise, to get up |
कब |
|
kab |
when |
तेज |
|
teja |
fast |
नहीं |
|
nahee |
not |
शìम |
f. |
shaam |
evening |
सूरज |
m. |
sooraj |
sun |
पूरब |
m. |
poorab |
the east |
उगना |
|
uganaa |
to rise |
पढ़ना |
|
padhanaa |
to read |
भाई |
m. |
bhaee |
brother |
पाठशाला |
f. |
paathashaalaa |
school |
कहाँ |
|
kahaa |
where |
रहना |
|
rahanaa |
to live |
कबी नहीं |
|
kabhee nahee |
never |
अच्छा |
|
achchaa |
well |
कौन |
|
kown |
who |
बज़ाना |
|
bazaanaa |
to ring |
घंटा |
m. |
ghantaa |
bell |
सीखना |
|
seekhanaa |
to see |
बन्द करना |
|
ban karnaa |
to close |
दरवाजा |
m. |
darawaajaa |
door |
जानना |
|
jaananaa |
to know |
उसका |
|
usakaa |
his |
घर |
m. |
ghar |
house |
रोज़ |
|
roza |
daily |
बैठना |
|
baithanaa |
to sit |
अध्यापक, शिक्ष |
m. |
adhyaapak/shikashka |
teacher |
में |
|
may |
in |
कुरसी |
f. |
kursee |
chair |
पर |
|
par |
on |
कागज |
m. |
kaagaj |
paper |
लिखना |
|
likhanaa |
to write |
रात |
f. |
raat |
night |
नाम |
m. |
naam |
name |
पढ़ना |
|
padhanaa |
to read |
बहुत |
|
bahut |
very |
घीरे |
|
dheere |
slowly |
बहिन |
f. |
bahin |
sister |
खरीदना मोल लेना |
|
khareedanaa/mol lenaa |
to buy |
अखबार समाचार-पत्र |
m. |
akhabaar/samaachaar-patra |
newspaper |
हर प्रति |
|
har/prati |
every |
दिन |
m. |
diin |
day |
हाथी |
m. |
haathee |
Elephant |
|